The potential of a specimen (or specimens in a galvanic couple) when two or more electrochemical reactions are occurring. Also called galvanic couple potential.

Concentration of a solution expressed in moles of solute divided by 1000 g of solvent.

Aqueous solution that contains 1 mole (gram-molecular weight) of solute in 1 L of the solution.

One mole is the mass numerically equal (in grams) to the relative molecular mass of a substance. It is the amount of substance of a system that contains as many elementary units (6.023 exp23) as there are atoms of carbon in 0.012 kg of the pure nuclide C1 ...

Corrosion testing in a copper-sulfate solution containing sulfuric acid. Used to detect the susceptibility of stainless steel to intergranular corrosion.

A molecule usually an organic compound, having the ability to join with a number of identical molecules to form a polymer.

Spontaneous aging of a supersaturated solid solution at room temperature. See also aging. Compare with artificial aging.

An equation that expresses the exact electromotive force of a cell in terms of the activities of products and reactants of the cell.

The diffusion layer or the hypothetical thickness of this layer as given by the theory of Nernst, is defined by:id = n F D (Co - C)/dwhere, id = the diffusion limited current density, D = the diffusion coefficient, Co = the concentration at the electrode ...

Embrittlement resulting from bombardment with neutrons, usually encountered in metals that have been exposed to a neutron flux in the core of a reactor. In steels, neutron embrittlement is evidenced by a rise in the ductile-to-brittle transition temperatu ...

Introducing nitrogen into the surface layer of a solid ferrous alloy by holding at a suitable temperature (below Ac1 for ferritic steels) in contact with a nitrogenous material, usually ammonia or molten cyanide of appropriate composition. Quenching is no ...

Any of several processes in which both nitrogen and carbon are absorbed into the surface layers of a ferrous material at temperatures below the lower critical temperature and, by diffusion, create a concenteration gradient. Nitrocarburizing is performed p ...

The positive direction of electrode potential, thus resembling noble metals such as gold and platinum.

(1) A metal whose potential is highly positive relative to the hydrogen electrode. (2) A metal with marked resistance to chemical reaction, particularly to oxidation and to evolution by inorganic acids. The term as often used is synonymous with precious m ...

A potential more cathodic (positive) than the standard hydrogen potential.

An aqueous solution containing one gram equivalent of the active reagent in 1L of the solution.

The stress component perpendicular to a plane on which forces act. Normal stress may be either tensile or compresssive.

Heating a ferrous alloy to a suitable temperature above the transformation range and then cooling in air to a temperature substantially below the transformation range.

The potential of an electrode measured with respect to a reference electrode or another electrode when no current flows to or from it.

Being or composed of hydrocarbons or their derivatives, or matter of plant or animal origin. Contrast with inorganic.