Radiation with wavelengths less than 4 microns.

The difference between amounts of precipitation and runoff for a given storm. It is that portion of the precipitation that remains in the basin as soil moisture, surface storage, ground water, etc.

The most common of the principal rainbow phenomena, which appears as an arc of about 42

An instrument for determining the direction from which radio waves approach a receiver. It may consist of a manually operated direction indicator, or it may use a servo system to position the antenna automatically in the direction of the incident waves. T ...

The process by which small particles suspended in a medium of a different refractive index diffuse a portion of the incident radiation in all directions. In scattering no energy transformation results, only a change in the spatial distribution of the radi ...

The combined processes by which water is transferred from the earth's surface to the atmosphere: evaporation of liquid or solid water plus transpiration from plants.

Programs or instructions which are stored in readonly memory.

An instrument, dropped from high attitude and carried by a stable parachute. used to measure the vertical component of turbulence aloft.

A particular pattern of snow sampler having an internal diameter of 1.485 inches so that each inch of water in the sample weighs one ounce.

variable audio-modulated radiosonde developed at the Bureau of Standards and used by the United States weather services.

A navigational aid used to facilitate the landing of an aircraft at an airport in instrument weather, i.e. low visibility.

A seasonal wind of persistent direction, characterized by a pronounced change in direction between seasons.

A balloon used to carry a radiosonde aloft, considerably larger than pilot balloons or ceiling balloons.

A general term for instruments designed to measure the amount of cloudiness.

See constant-level balloon.

Liquid water at temperatures colder than freezing.

Electromagnetic radiation of very short wavelength. lying within the wavelength interval of 0.1 to 1.5 angstroms (between gamma rays and ultraviolet radiation). X-rays penetrate various thicknesses of all solids, and they act on photographic plates in the ...

A mercury barometer designed for use aboard ship. The instrument is of the fixed-cistern type (see Kew barometer). The mercury tube is constructed with a wide bore for its upper portion and with a capillary bore for its lower portion. This is done to incr ...

Thermometer used for measuring the lowest temperature attained during a given interval of time, for example, a day.

A wave resulting from the action of wind on a water surface.