An up slope wind due to local surface heating. Opposite of katabatic wind.

Electromagnetic radiation of very short wavelength. lying within the wavelength interval of 0.1 to 1.5 angstroms (between gamma rays and ultraviolet radiation). X-rays penetrate various thicknesses of all solids, and they act on photographic plates in the ...

An area of low barometric pressure, with its attendant system of winds. Also called a depression or cyclone.

A vector term which includes both wind speed and wind direction.

Instrument used to measure the amount of water evaporated from the soil surface during a given time interval.

A cylinder installed in a body of water or an evaporation pan to hold a sensor, such as a float to measure water level or a hook gage. The stillwell is constructed so that there is free movement of water in and out of it, and it therefore provides a repre ...

A graphical representation of stage or discharge at a point on a stream as a function of time.

A surface weather observation, made at periodic times, of sky cover, state of the sky, cloud height, atmospheric pressure reduced to sea level, temperature, dew point, wind speed and direction. amount of precipitation, hydrometeors and lithometeors. and s ...

The ratio of the amount of electromagnetic radiation reflected by a body to the amount incipient upon it, commonly expressed as a percentage. The albedo is to be distinguished from the reflectivity, which refers to one specific wavelength.

Physical equipment used in data processing. Compare to firmware, software.

The envelope of air surrounding the earth and bound to it more or less permanently by virtue of the earth's gravitational attraction. The system whose chemical Properties. dynamic motions, and physical processes constitute the subject matter of meteorolog ...

An instrument for studying, or examining substances in, polarized light. See Savant polariscope.

The stage, on a fixed river gauge, corresponding to the top of the lowest banks within the reach for which the gauge is used as an index. Compare to flood stage.

An instrument, located at the surface observing station, which is used to record the data presented by a radiosonde aloft.

The process by which small particles suspended in a medium of a different refractive index diffuse a portion of the incident radiation in all directions. In scattering no energy transformation results, only a change in the spatial distribution of the radi ...

A system of physical units based on the use of the centimeter, gram. and the second as elementary quantities of length. mass. and time.

Same as rain gauge.

Same as mirror nephoscope.

The lowest level at which the wind becomes geostrophic in the theory of the Ekman spiral. Also called gradient wind level.

A common type of liquid-inglass thermometer, used, in meteorology, in psychrometers and as a maximum thermometer.