The general term for anemometers operating on the principle that the heat transfer to air from an object at an elevated temperature is a function of the air speed. Examples are the hot-wire anemometer and the katathermometer.

See evaporation pan.

In general. the severe wind of an intense tropical cyclone (hurricane or typhoon). The term has no further technical connotation, but, unfortunately, is easily conftlsed with the strictly defined hurricane-force wind,

Physical equipment used in data processing. Compare to firmware, software.

An instrument which measures evaporation by measuring the loss of water from a burette reservoir through a ceramic disc.

The process whereby a position on the scale of an instrument is identified with the magnitude of the signal (or input force) actuating the instrument.

Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor. A method of making silicon chips that results in low power consumption by the circuits.

A forecast of weather elements of particular interest to aviation; including ceiling, visibility, upper winds, icing, turbulence, precipitation types, and storms.

An instrument, located at the surface observing station, which is used to record the data presented by a radiosonde aloft.

The maximum distance, usually horizontally, at which a given object or light source is just visible under particular conditions of transmittance and background luminance.

A device used by oceanographers to obtain subsurface samples of sea water. The "bottle" is lowered by wire, its valves open at both ends. It is then closed in situ by allowing a weight (called a messenger) to slide down the wire and strike the reversing m ...

A feeble oscillatory disturbance of the earth's crust, detectable only by very sensitive seismographs. Certain types of microseisms seem to be closely correlated with pressure disturbances. See microbarm.

An instrument which automatically records the voltage applied to it, as a function of time.

An instrument for measuring the extinction coefficient in water.

A rain gauge or array of rain gauges designed to measure the inclination and direction of falling rain.

An instrument for collecting liquid water from the atmosphere.

See approximate absolute temperature scale, Celsius temperature scale, centigrade temperature scale, Fahrenheit temperature scale, Kelvin temperature scale, Rankine temperature scale, Reaumur temperature scale,

An instrument which measures combined direct solar radiation and diffuse sky radiation. See pyrheliometer, Robitzsch actinograph. solarimeter. See also albedometer.

Thermometer used for measuring the lowest temperature attained during a given interval of time, for example, a day.

A conically shaped, copper rain gauge shield.