Method of securing a line around a spar by taking the standing part around the spar, then a half hitch around itself and the end tucked three or four times around its own part.

On older sailing ships, an additional lateen shaped mizzen sail carried on the fourth mast, known as a bonaventure mizzen.

A horseshoe-shaped or circular reef of coral surrounding a lagoon.

An expression used to the crew to indicate that the boat is about to tack.

A form of steam engine where a piston moves back and forth inside a cylinder, transmitting its motion to a driving shaft by a connecting rod and crank.

A term commonly used in connection with a bill of lading. It involves the transfer of rights, title and interest in order to assign goods by endorsing the bill of lading.

Screen of cloth or other material to give the crew protection against the weather, wind and water spray.

A ship drives when her anchor fails to hold and she is at the mercy of wind and tide, or when she can make no progress against the wind.

Electro-mechanical steering device; an instrument designed to control automatically a vessel's steering gear so that she follows a pre-determined track through the water.

Carries supplies to drilling units or installations during field de-velopment or production.

A pair of additional backstays temporarily rigged to provide extra support to the masts of square rigged vessels when sailing downwind.

Money paid by shipper to Master of ship for diligence in care of cargo. Not now paid to Master, but added to freight. Amount was usually about 1% of freight.

A short piece of line spliced into the end of the clapper by which the bell is struck. Traditionally it is finished off with a double wall knot crowned in its end.

Heavy weight,which gives a ship stability when the vessel is not carrying cargo.

A formula of the specific factors or elements that control the making of a rate. A rate can be based on any number of factors (i.e., weight, measure, equipment type, package, box, etc.).

The north end of the earth's axis and also called North Geographic Pole. The direction indicated by 000

To reach the end; to bring one object hard up against another, as when two blocks in a block and tackle arrangement are brought together.

(1) The transverse measurement of a boat at its widest point. Also called breadth. (2) One of the transverse members of a ship's frames on which the decks are laid.

The horsepower required to compress adiabatically the air or gas delivered by the compressor through the specified range of pressures.

Cargo loaded into a container by the shipper under shipper's supervision. When the cargo is exported, it is unloaded at the foreign pier destination.