Unforeseeable events, beyond the control of participants in a contract, which may excuse either side.

A charge for delaying a steamer beyond a stipulated period.

An imaginary sphere surrounding the globe that contains the sun, moon, stars and planets.

A ship builder, or one who works about a ship. Does wood carpentry on the ship and keeps ships faired. Builds launching ways and launches ship.

Goods from a captured ship which was permitted to be distributed among the captors at once.

A legal paper or license of a boat or its captain.

A sail having battens that run the full horizontal length of the sail.

A bolt fitted with a ring through its eye, used for securing, running, rigging, etc.

A compressor belonging to the group of displacement rotary compressors, a type of valve less displacement machine. Also referred to as "Roots blower".

In the US, financial protection of certain bank and credit union accounts by way of insurance.

An invoice provided by a supplier prior to the shipment of merchandise, informing the buyer of the kinds and quantities of goods to be sent, their value, and specifications (weight, size, etc.).

Electromagnetic energy transmitted from the sun (solar radiation). The amount that reaches the earth is equal to one billionth of total solar energy generated, or the equivalent of about 420 trillion kilowatt-hours.

Has to do with the properties of air-water vapor mixtures in the atmosphere.

The operation of tarring and blacking the rigging or hull to act as a preservative against the action of salt water. the best mixture was said to be coal tar, vegetable tar, and salt water boiled together and laid on hot.

Engineering science pertaining to gaseous pressure and flow.

The pressure measured in a flowing stream (liquid or gas) in such a manner that no effect on the measurement is produced by the velocity of the stream.

Sailing with the wind coming from the port side, with the boom on the starboard side.

A change made either in the route of a shipment in transit (see Reconsignment) or of the entire ship.

Rotative speeds at which rotating machinery-axial or screw lobe-pass through unbalanced operation.

The generation of electric power by a heat engine which converts part of the heat generated by combustion of the fuel into mechanical motion to operate an electric generator.