Energy required to operate mechanical components of an energy system, or a source of energy or energy supply system to back-up another.

In the US, a fund held by a section of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation as deposit.

See Koschmieder's law.

Very Large Bulk Carrier (over 180,000 DWT)

This is when a load is sent in more than one consignment. In a letter of credit, the buyer can say whether this is allowed or not allowed.

Naval Engineering CAD

A device, such as a steel plate, used to check, retard, or divert a flow of a material.

A fluid, such as methanol or ethylene glycol, added to vehicle engine coolant, or used in solar heating system heat transfer fluids, to protect the systems from freezing.

The size of a flaw (defect) in a structure that will cause failure at a particular stress level.

International Cargo Advisory Bureau

Maritime Environment Protection CommitteeIMO branch dealing, among other, with the construction of tankers. The number of the meeting is often added to the acronym so that in the Autumn 2000 the next meeting will be MEPC46.

Variable Pitch Propeller

European Federation of Inland Ports

A navigation instrument used to measure the apparent height of a landmark whose actual height is known, such as the top of a lighthouse. From this information, the ship's distance from that landmark can be calculated.

Panamax ships are all ships that comply with the size and draft limitations of the existing (old) locks; namely, length 294.13m by 32.31m in breadth by 12.04 fresh water draft.

A region of transition between semiconductor layers, such as a p/n junction, which goes from a region that has a high concentration of acceptors (p-type) to one that has a high concentration of donors (n-type).

(ADL)An insurance term which refers to the basic things that people need to be able to do in order look.

Refrigerated Cargo Ship or Container

Working Paper

The ratings under which specified appliances convert energy sources into useful energy, as determined by procedures established by the U.S. Department of Energy.