The structure of metals as revealed by macroscopic examination of the etched surface of a polished specimen.

Corrosion in which nickel is selectively leached from nickel-containing alloys. Most commonly observed in copper-nickel alloys after extended service in fresh water. See also dealloying, and selective Ieaching.

Reduction of corrosion of a metal in an electrolyte by galvanically coupling it to a more anodic metal; a form of cathodic protection.

The value of stress intensity at which crack propagation becomes rapid in sections thinner than those in which plane-strain conditions prevail.

A positive number that characterizes the combining power of an element for other elements, as measured by the number of bonds to other atoms that one atom of the given element forms upon chemical combination: hydrogen is assigned valence 1, and the valenc ...

A plot showing the relationship of stress, S, and the number of cycles, N, before fracture in fatigue testing.

Horseshoe-shaped test piece used to detect the susceptibility of a material to stress corrosion cracking.

An electrode when polarized frequently yields a current potential relationship over a region which can be approximated by:h=

Visible at magnifications to 25x.

Condensation of thin metal coatings on the cool surface of work in vacuum.

See electrokinetic potential.

Abbreviation for the critical value of the plane strain stress-intensity factor that will produce crack propagation by stress-corrosion cracking of a given material in a given environment.

The diffusion layer or the hypothetical thickness of this layer as given by the theory of Nernst, is defined by:id = n F D (Co - C)/dwhere, id = the diffusion limited current density, D = the diffusion coefficient, Co = the concentration at the electrode ...

Intergranular corrosion of an alloy, usually stabilized stainless steel, along a line adjoining or in contact with a weld after heating into the sensitization temperature range.

A layer consisting of a mixture of calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide deposited on surfaces being cathodically protected because of the increased pH adjacent to the protected surface.

A chemical substance that yields hydroxyl ions (OH ) when dissolved in water. Compare with acid.

Corrosion testing in a copper-sulfate solution containing sulfuric acid. Used to detect the susceptibility of stainless steel to intergranular corrosion.

Embrittlement of low-carbon steels resulting from precipitation of solute carbon at existing dislocations and from precipitation hardening of the steel caused by differences in the solid solubility of carbon in ferrite at different temperatures. Quench-ag ...

The inverse of electrochemical impedance.

Brittleness exhibited by some steels after being heated to a temperature within the range of about 200 to 370