The condition of being electrically separated from other metallic structures or the environment.

A strongly alkaline solution into which metal is immersed for etching. for neutralizing acid, or for removing organic materials such as greases or paints.

Plating with dummy cathodes.

The current density, often referred to as limiting current density, that corresponds to the maximum transfer rate that a particular species can sustain because of the limitation of diffusion.

Provisional value for plane-strain fracture toughness.

(1) Hardening suitable a = b alloys (most often certain copper or titanium alloys) by solution treating and quenching to develop a martensite-like structure. (2) In ferrous alloys, hardening by austenitizing and then cooling at a rate such that a substant ...

The mass of a unit volume of a gas at a stated temperature and pressure.

The formation of complex chemical species by the coordination of groups of atoms termed ligands to a central ion, commonly a metal ion. Generally, the ligand coordinates by providing a pair of electrons that forms an ionic or covalent bond to the central ...

Heating a metal or alloy to such a high temperature that its properties are impaired. When the original properties cannot be restored by further heat treating, by mechanical working, or by a combination of working and heat treating, the overheating is kno ...

Whitening and loss of gloss of a usually organic coating caused by moisture. Also called blooming.

Coating containing zinc powder pigment andan organic resin.

See principal stress (normal).

Seawater containing a higher concentration of dissolved salt than that of the ordinary ocean.

An obsolete historical term denoting a form of stress-corrosion cracking most frequently encountered in carbon steels or iron-chromium-nickel alloys that are exposed to concentrated hydroxide solutions at temperatures of 200 to 250

The weight of an element or group of elements oxidized or reduced at 100~ efficiency by the passage of a unit quantity of electricity. Usually expressed as grams per coulomb.

Naturally occurring magnetic oxide of iron (Fe3O4).

The minimum value of Kc for any given material and condition, which is attained when rapid crack propagation in the opening mode is governed by plane-strain conditions.

Electrolytic cleaning in which the work is the cathode.

The potential of a metal surface necessary to decompose the electrolyte of a cell or a component/substance thereof.

A wood-pulping process in which sodium sulfate is used in the caustic soda pulp-digestion liquor. Also called kraft pulping or sulfate pulping.