(1) The metal present in the largest proportion in an alloy; brass, for example, is a copper-base alloy. (2) An active metal that readily oxidizes, or that dissolves to form ions. (3) The metal to be brazed, cut, soldered, or welded. (4) After welding, th ...

An accelerated corrosion test for electrodeposits.

A crystal that has a treelike branching pattern, being most evident in cast metals, slowly cooled through the solidification range.

A substance that reduces the surface tension of a liquid, thereby causing it to spread more readily on a solid surface.

A thin, inhibiting paint, usually chromate pigmented with a polyvinyl butyrate binder.

Occurs in the base metal adjacent to weldments due to high through-thickness strains introduced by weld metal shrinkage in highly restrained joints. Tearing occurs by decohesion and linking along the working direction of the base metal; cracks usually run ...

A coating consisting of' a compound of the surface metal, produced by chemical or electrochemical treatments of the metal. Examples include chromate coatings on zinc, cadmium, magnesium, and aluminum and oxide and phosphate coatings on steel. See also chr ...

See ferrite.

The absorption of carbon into a metal surface; may or may not be desirable.

(1) A solid solution of one or more elements in body-centered cubic iron. Unless otherwise designated (for instance, as chromium ferrite), the solute is generally assumed to be carbon. On some equilibrium diagrams, there are two ferrite regions separated ...

(1) A cathode, usuully corrugated to give variable current densities, that is plated at low current densities to preferentially remove impurities from a plating solution. (2) A substitute cathode that is used during adjustment of operating conditions.

A raised area, often dome shaped, resulting from (1) loss of adhesion between a coating or deposit and the base metal or (2) delamination under the pressure of expanding gas trapped in a metal in a near-subsurface zone. Very small blisters may be called p ...

An electrolytic cell, the electromotive force of which is due to a difference in air (oxygen) concentration at one electrode as compared with that at another electrode of the same material; an oxygen concentration cell (a cell resulting from a potential d ...

A coating developed on a metal surface by a high temperature diffusion process (as carburization, calorizing, or chromizing).

An electrode widely used as a reference electrode of known potential in electrometric measurement of acidity and alkalinity, corrosion studies, voltammetry, and measurement of the potentials of other electrodes. See also electrode potential, reference ele ...

Removal of dissolved mineral matter, generally from water.

The stress at which a material exhibits a specified deviation from proportionality of stress and strain. An onset of 0.2% is used for many metals.

Corrosion that is accompanied by a flow of electrons between cathodic and anodic areas on metallic surfaces.

A heat treatment, whether accidental, intentional, or incidental (as during welding), that causes precipitation of constituents at grain boundaries, often causing the alloy to become susceptible to intergranular corrosion or intergranular stress-corrosion ...

The size of a flaw (defect) in a structure that will cause failure at a particular stress level.