A coating developed on a metal surface by a high temperature diffusion process (as carburization, calorizing, or chromizing).

Same as strain hardening.

Material placed in a drilled hole to fill space around anodes, vent pipe, and buried components of a cathodic protection system.

The least noble potential where pitting or crevice corrosion, or both, will initiate and propagate.

The maximum stress that a material is capable of sustaining without any permanent strain (deformation) remaining upon complete release of the stress.

Provisional value for plane-strain fracture toughness.

The size of a flaw (defect) in a structure that will cause failure at a particular stress level.

An electrode widely used as a reference electrode of known potential in electrometric measurement of acidity and alkalinity, corrosion studies, voltammetry, and measurement of the potentials of other electrodes. See also electrode potential, reference ele ...

Corrosion in which zinc is selectively leached from zinc-containing alloys. Most commonly found in copper-zinc alloys containing less than 83% copper after extended service in water containing dissolved oxygen; the parting of zinc from an alloy (in some b ...

A factor of proportionality representing the amount of substance diffusing across a unit area through a unit concentration gradient in unit time.

The coating, usually green, that forms on the surface of metals such as copper and copper alloys exposed to the atmosphere. Also used to describe the appearance of a weathered surface of any metal.

A compound of iron and carbon, known chemically as iron carbide and having the approximate chemical formula Fe3C. It is characterized by an orthorhombic crystal structure. When it occurs as a phase in steel, the chemical composition will be altered by the ...

An electrolytic cell, the electromotive force of which is due to a difference in air (oxygen) concentration at one electrode as compared with that at another electrode of the same material; an oxygen concentration cell (a cell resulting from a potential d ...

(1) Water having salinity values ranging from approximately 0.5 to l7 parts per thousand. (2) Water having less salt than seawater, but undrinkable.

Zinc oxide: the powdery product of corrosion of zinc or zinc-coated surfaces.

The condition of being electrically separated from other metallic structures or the environment.

(1) An iron mineral crystallizing in therhombohedral system; the most important oreof iron. (2) An iron oxide, Fe,O,, corrcsponding to an iron content of approximately 70%.

Embrittlement under creep conditions of, for example, aluminum alloys and steels that results in abnormally low rupture ductility. In aluminum alloys, iron in amounts above the solubility limit is known to cause such embrittlement; in steels, the phenomen ...

Evidence of plastic deformation in structural materials. Also called plastic flow or creep. See also flow.

Occurs in the base metal adjacent to weldments due to high through-thickness strains introduced by weld metal shrinkage in highly restrained joints. Tearing occurs by decohesion and linking along the working direction of the base metal; cracks usually run ...