Apparatus consisting of (a) standard radiosonde and radiosonde ground equipment to obtain upper-air data on pressure, temperature, and humidity, and (b) a self-tracking radio direction-finder to provide the elevation and azimuth angles of the radiosonde s ...

Programs or instructions which are stored in readonly memory.

A diagram showing the intensity of the radiation field in all directions from a transmitting radio or radar antenna at a given distance from the antenna.

The process by which small particles suspended in a medium of a different refractive index diffuse a portion of the incident radiation in all directions. In scattering no energy transformation results, only a change in the spatial distribution of the radi ...

Either of two colored luminous spots that appear at points 22

An instrument which measures the spectral distribution of the intensity of direct solar radiation.

The correctable part of the inaccuracy of an instrument.

That portion of the atmosphere which is above the lower troposphere. Generally applied to levels above 850 mb.

Balance of the water resources of a region, comparing precipitation and inflow with outflow, evaporation, and accumulation.

A hydrostatic principle that pressure supplied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and to the walls of the containing vessel.

Abbreviation for mean sea level.

Any one of a family of circular arcs consisting of concentric colored bands, arranged from red on the inside to blue on the outside, which may be seen on a "sheet" of water drops (rain, fog, spray). The most common of the many possible is the primary rain ...

A numbering system using a base number of 16 and including the ten decimal digits (0 to 9) along with six alpha digits (A to F). Thus. a digit is available to represent each of the possible values of a 4-bit binary digit.

An apparatus, used in studying soil temperatures, for measuring the total supply of heat during a given period.

A photometric unit of illuminance or illumination equal to one lumen per square meter

An instrument for measuring the difference of the solar radiation falling on both sides of a horizontal surface from the whole hemisphere.

To free something from the binding action of ice by warming it to a temperature above the melting point of ice. Also, a warm spell when ice and snow melt.

An instrument for measuring radiant energy. See actinometer, Dines radiometer, photometer, Tulipian radiometer.

Downward-facing pyranometer used for measuring reflected solar radiation.

That temperature at which, in a specified latitude, the reading of a particular barometer requires no temperature or latitude correction.