A hard, brittle, nonmagnetic intermediate phase with a tetragonal crystal structure, containing 30 atoms per unit cell, space group P42mnm, occurring in many binary and ternary alloys of the transition elements. The composition of this phase in the variou ...

Catastrophic brittle failure of a normally ductile metal when in contact with a liquid metal and subsequently stressed in tension.

A nonpolarizable electrode with a known and highly reproducible potential used for potentiometric and voltammetric analyses. See also calomel electrode.

A fatigue fracture feature, often observed in electron micrographs, that indicates the position of the crack front after each succeeding cycle of stress. The distance between striations indicates the advance of the crack front across that crystal during o ...

(1) An isothermal reversible reaction in which a solid solution is converted into two or more intimately mixed solids on cooling, the number of solids formed being the same as the number of components in the system. (2) An alloy having the composition ind ...

An experimental technique for evaluating susceptibility to stress-corrosion cracking. It involves pulling the specimen to failure in uniaxial tension at a controlled slow strain rate while the specimen is in the test environment and examining the specimen ...

A group of coating or welding processes in which finely divided metallic or nonmetallic materials are deposited in a molten or semimolten condition to form a coating. The coating material may be in the form of powder, ceramic rod, wire, or molten material ...

A generic term for measures of resistance to extension of a crack. The term is sometimes restricted to results of fracture mechanics tests, which are directly applicable in fracture control. However, the term commonly includes results from simple tests of ...

Also called solidification crackinghot cracking of weldments is caused by the segregation at grain boundaries of low-melting constituents in the weld metal. This can resultin grain-boundary tearing under thermal contraction stresses. Hot cracking can be m ...

An individual crystal in a polycrystalline metal or alloy; it may or may not contain twinned regions and subgrains; a portion of a solid metal (usually a fraction of an inch in size), in which the atoms are arranged in an orderly pattern.

Corrosion potential in the absence of net electrical current flowing to or from the metal surface.

A term used in the automotive industry to describe the corrosion of vehicle body parts due to the collection of road salts and debris on ledges and in pockets that are kept moist by weather and washing. Also called deposit corrosion or attack.

See transgranular cracking.

A form of high-temperature corrosion of chromium-bearing alloys in which green chromium oxide (Cr2O3) forms, but certain other alloy constituents remain metallic; some simultaneous carburization is sometimes observed.

A stress that causes two parts of an elastic body. on either side of a typical stress plane, to pull apart. Contrast with compressive stress.

Glosary corrosion

The stress component perpendicular to a plane on which forces act. Normal stress may be either tensile or compresssive.

The reversible interchange of ions between a liquid and solid, with no substantial structural changes in the solid.

Corrosion at discrete sites, stress-corrosion cracking.

The formation of localized corrosion products scattered over the surface in the form of knoblike mounds called tubercles.