The stress component perpendicular to a plane on which forces act. Normal stress may be either tensile or compresssive.

Glosary corrosion

Deterioration of gray cast iron in which the metallic constituents are selectively leached or converted to corrosion products leaving the graphite intact. The term graphitization is commonly used to identify this form of corrosion, but is not recommended ...

See biological corrosion.

An accumulation of deposits. This term includes accumulation and growth of marine organisms on a submerged metal surface and also includes the accumulation of deposits (usually inorganic) on heat exchanger tubing.

Having an amenity for oil. See also hydrophilic and hydrophobic.

Short, discontinuous internal fissures in wrought metals attributed to stresses produced by localized transformation and decreased solubility of hydrogen during cooling after hot working. In a fracture surface. flakes appear as bright silvery areas; on an ...

See intergranular cracking.

The accelerated deterioration at the interface between contacting surfaces as the result of corrosion and slight oscillatory movement between the two surfaces; Deterioration at the interface between two contacting surfaces accelerated by relative motion b ...

An experimental technique for evaluating susceptibility to stress-corrosion cracking. It involves pulling the specimen to failure in uniaxial tension at a controlled slow strain rate while the specimen is in the test environment and examining the specimen ...

A method of fracture analysis that can determine the stress (or load) required to induce fracture instability in a structure containing a cracklike flaw of known size and shape. See also fracture mechanics and stress-intensity factor.

Factor for a loading condition that displaced the crack faces in a direction normal to the crack plane (also known as the opening mode of deformation).

Any aquatic organism with a sessile adult stage that attaches to and fouls underwater structures of ships.

A molecule usually an organic compound, having the ability to join with a number of identical molecules to form a polymer.

A fatigue fracture feature, often observed in electron micrographs, that indicates the position of the crack front after each succeeding cycle of stress. The distance between striations indicates the advance of the crack front across that crystal during o ...

Areas on a steel fracture surface having a characteristic white crystalline appearance.

A stress that causes two parts of an elastic body. on either side of a typical stress plane, to pull apart. Contrast with compressive stress.

A galvanic cell caused by a difference in metal ion concentration at two locations on the same metal surface.

Heat treatment carried out in steel to reduce internal stresses.

Overvoltage associated with the liberation of hydrogen gas.