A fracture, usually of' polycrystalline metal, in which most of the grains have failed by cleavage, resulting in bright reflecting facets. It is associated with low-energy brittle fracture.

The test or specimen electrode in an electrochemical cell.

Interfacial reaction equivalent to a transfer of charge between electronic and ionic conductors. See also anodic reaction and cathodic reaction.

Introducing nitrogen into the surface layer of a solid ferrous alloy by holding at a suitable temperature (below Ac1 for ferritic steels) in contact with a nitrogenous material, usually ammonia or molten cyanide of appropriate composition. Quenching is no ...

Aging under conditions of time and temperature greater than those required to obtain maximum change in a certain property, so that the property is altered in the direction of the initial value.,/dd>

The severe loss of ductility of a metal resulting from corrosive attack, usually inter,granular and often not visually apparent.

See cathodic protection.

A type of weld cracking that usually occurs below 203

Electroplating tin on an object.

Forming an adherent phosphate coating on a metal by immersion in a suitable aqueous phosphate solution. Also called phosphatizing. See also conversion coating.

Particles of foreign material in a metallic matrix. The particles are usually compounds (such as oxides, sulfides, or silicates), but may be of any substance that is foreign to (and essentially insoluble in) the matrix.

A reference electrode composed of mercury, mercurous chloride (calomel), and a saturated aqueous chloride solution.

The electric current that flows between metals or conductive nonmetal in a galvanic couple.

See mixed potential.

A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution; The negative logarithm of the hydrogen-ion activity; it denotes the degree of acidity or basicity of a solution. At 25

Modification of a corrosion system so that corrosion damage is mitigated.

That portion of the polarization of a cell produced by concentration changes resulting from passage of' current through the electrolyte.

A compound that causes oxidation, thereby itself being reduced.

Chromium plated for engineering rather than decorative applicactions.

Accelerated corrosion of a metal because of an electrical contact with a more noble metal or nonmetallic conductor in a corrosive electrolyte.