Localized corrosion frequently observed in oilwell tubing in which a circumfrential attack is observed near a region of metal "upset".

A thin, not necessarily visible, layer of material.

An aqueous solution containing one gram equivalent of the active reagent in 1L of the solution.

Aging under conditions of time and temperature greater than those required to obtain maximum change in a certain property, so that the property is altered in the direction of the initial value.,/dd>

A compound that causes oxidation, thereby itself being reduced.

The binding of an adsorbate to the surface of a solid by forces whose energy levels approximate those of a chemical bond. Contrast with physisorption.

Introducing nitrogen into the surface layer of a solid ferrous alloy by holding at a suitable temperature (below Ac1 for ferritic steels) in contact with a nitrogenous material, usually ammonia or molten cyanide of appropriate composition. Quenching is no ...

Depositing a metallic coating on a metal immersed in a liquid solution, without the aid of an external electric current. Also called dip plating.

An index calculated from total dissolved solids, calcium concentration, total alkalinity, pH and solution temperature that shows the tendency of a water solution to precipitate or dissolve calcium carbonate.

Heating a ferrous alloy to a suitable temperature above the transformation range and then cooling in air to a temperature substantially below the transformation range.

A state of resistance to corrosion or anodic dissolution of a metal caused by thermodynamic stability of the metal.

Pertaining to forces on a body or part of a body that tend to crush or compress the body.

Interfacial reaction equivalent to a transfer of charge between electronic and ionic conductors. See also anodic reaction and cathodic reaction.

See exfoliation corrosion.

See principal stress (normal).

The test or specimen electrode in an electrochemical cell.

(1) A metal whose potential is highly positive relative to the hydrogen electrode. (2) A metal with marked resistance to chemical reaction, particularly to oxidation and to evolution by inorganic acids. The term as often used is synonymous with precious m ...

This potential, sometimes called zeta potential, is a potential difference in the solution caused by residual, unbalanced charge distribution in the adjoining solution, producing a double layer. The electrokinetic potential is different from the electrode ...

A type of weld cracking that usually occurs below 203

The maximum repeated stress that can he endured by a metal without failure under definite conditions of corrosion and fatigue and for a specific number of stress cycles and a specified period of time.