A temperature telemeter.

A rocket designed primarily for routine upper air observations in the lower 250,000 feet of the atmosphere, especially that portion inaccessible to balloons (above 100,000 feet).

A defective maximum thermometer of the liquid-inglass type in which the mercury flows too freely through the constriction. Such a thermometer will indicate a maximum temperature that is too low.

Apparatus designed to measure the amount of precipitation falling in the form of snow. The device determines the weight of the snow or the volume of water after the snow melts.

An automatic, recording cloud height indicator.

Same as precipitation- effectiveness index.

An instrument used to indicate wind direction.

Atmospheric layer throughout which there is no change of temperature with height, i.e. a zero lapse rate.

In a radiosonde observation, a level (other than a standard level) for which values of pressure, temperature, and humidity are reported because temperature and/or humidity data at that level is sufficiently important or unusual to warrant the attention of ...

An instrument which measures the intensity of radiation by determining the amount of chemical change( or fluorescence produced by that radiation.

Conditions to which a device is subjected, not including the variable measured by the device. See normal operating conditions, reference operating conditions.

In thermodynamics, the integrating factor of the differential equation referred to as the first law of thermodynamics, In statistical mechanics, a measure of translational molecular kinetic energy (with three degrees of freedom). In general, the degree of ...

The state of the atmosphere, mainly with respect to its effects upon life and human activities. As distinguished from climate, weather consists of the short-term (minutes to months) variations of the atmosphere.

A pointed device which indicates the amount of resistance encountered when it is forced into a material such as snow or soil. See ram penetrometer.

A unit of energy equal to 101 ergs or to 0.2389 calories.

The direction toward which the wind is blowing; with the wind.

Precipitation of white, opaque, spherical or conical ice particles that are crisp and easily crushed and that have diameters of 2 to 5 mm.

A system in which radar techniques are used to determine the range, elevation, and azimuth of a radar target carried a!oft by a radiosonde, so that wind data may be obtained along with the other meteorological data.

The maximum rate at which precipitation can pass through the surface into the soil, for a given soil in a given condition.

The stage on a fixed river gauge at which it is necessary to begin issuing warnings or river forecasts if adequate precautionary measures are to be taken before flood stage is reached.