General name for an instrument designed to measure the vertical component of the wind speed. See anemoclinometer.

An anemometer which measures wind speed in terms of the drag which the wind exerts on a solid body. See bridled-cup anemometer, normal-plate anemometer, pendulum anemometer.

Wind with a speed between 48 and 55 knots (55 and 63 mph), Beaufort scale number 10.

See calorie.

A measure of the intrinsic luminous intensity emitted by a source in a given direction. Luminance is a measure only of light. The comparable term for electromagnetic radiation in general is radiance.

The process whereby a position on the scale of an instrument is identified with the magnitude of the signal (or input force) actuating the instrument.

A flower-like diagram indicating the relative frequencies of different wind directions for a given station and period of time.

The interval between the lower and upper measuring limits of an instrument, i.e. a thermometer with a range of -35 to 50

See photometer.

Instrument used to measure the amount of water evaporated from the soil surface during a given time interval.

A component of the wind (often using Cartesian coordinates. i.e. X and Y wind vectors). Also, an arrow representing wind velocity, drawn to point in the direction of the wind and with a length proportional to wind speed.

For a given cloud or cloud laver. the lowest level in the atmosphere at which the air contains a perceptible quantity of cloud particles.

A general term to designate apparatus designed to observe the details of weather during thunderstorms.

Same as pitot tube.

See instrument error, observational error. random error, standard error, systematic error.

An atmospheric sounding instrument which is supported by a captive balloon and used to obtain temperature and humidity data from the ground level to a height of a few thousand feet. The data is telemetered to the ground through a wire cable.

An ion counter of the aspiration condenser type, used for the measurement of the concentration and mobility of small ions in the atmosphere.

A c.g.s. (centimeter-gram-second) unit of mass. Originally defined as the mass of 1 cubic centimeter of water at 4

The humidity transducinu element in a Diamond-Hinman radiosonde. Also called electrolytic strip.

A warm, dry wind on the lee side of a mountain range, the warmth and dryness due to adiabatic compression upon descent.