Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code. A standard code used to represent data using 8 bits per character.

An instrument which measures combined direct solar radiation and diffuse sky radiation. See pyrheliometer, Robitzsch actinograph. solarimeter. See also albedometer.

An atmospheric phenomenon, other than clouds, which obscures a portion of the sky from the point of observation. Also called obscuration.

meter-An instrument for measuring the transmissivity of the atmosphere; a type of transmissometer. It consists of a constant- intensity collimated light source located at a suitable distance from a photoelectric cell. Variation in the turbidity of the atm ...

Pyrheliometer based on the comparison of the heating of two identical metal strips, one exposed to radiation, the other to a joule effect.

A measurement of atmospheric conditions aloft, above the effective range of a surface weather observation. Elements evaluated include temperature, humidity, pressure, wind speed, and wind direction.

The element directly responsive to the value of the measured variable.

Operation mode of a communication circuit in which one end can only transmit and the other end can only receive.

A transducer for converting thermal energy directly into electrical energy. It is composed of pairs of thermocouples which are connected either in series or in parallel. Thermopiles are used in thermoelectric radiation instruments when the output of a sin ...

in folklore, a name for fire.

A thermodynamic change of state in a system in which there is no transfer of heat or mass across the boundaries of the system. In an adiabatic process, compression always results in warming, expansion in cooling. Compare to diabatic process.

That portion of the atmosphere which is above the lower troposphere. Generally applied to levels above 850 mb.

The physical exposure of an instrument. The effect of immediate environment upon the representativeness of the measurements obtained by meteorological instruments is considerable and not always correctable. The purpose of the instrument shelter is to prov ...

Same as windsock.

Precipitation composed of balls or irregular lumps of ice with diameters between 5 and 50 mm.

An instrument which automatically records the voltage applied to it, as a function of time.

A device, similar to a potometer, for measuring transpiration, consisting of a vessel containing soil in which one or more plants are rooted and sealed so that water can escape only by transpiration from the plant.

A surface weather observation, made at periodic times, of sky cover, state of the sky, cloud height, atmospheric pressure reduced to sea level, temperature, dew point, wind speed and direction. amount of precipitation, hydrometeors and lithometeors. and s ...

The center of an area of high pressure, usually accompanied by anticyclonic and outward wind flow. Also known as an anticyclone.

Temperature of equilibrium between the liquid and vapor phases of a substance at a given pressure.