The component of either a liquid or solid solution that is present to a lesser or minor extent: the component that is dissolved in thesolution.

An increase in hardness and strength caused by plastic deformation at temperatures below the recrystallization range.

A plot of the redox potential of a corroding system versus the pH of the system, compiled using thermodynamic data and the Nernst equation. The diagram shows regions within which the metal itself or some of its compounds are stable.

The first coat of paint applied to a surface. Formulated to have good bonding and wetting characteristics; may or may not contain inhibiting pigments.

Resin formed by the reaction of bisphenol and epichlorohydrin.

The art of producing metal powders and utilizing metal powders for production of' massive materials and shaped objects.

The surroundings or conditions (physical, chemical, mechanical) in which a material exists.

Being or composed of matter other than hydrocarbons and their derivatives, or matter that is not of plant or animal origin. Contrast with organic.

Brittle fracture of a metal in which the fracture is between the grains, or crystals, that form the metal. Also called intercrystalline fracture. Contrast with transgranular fracture.

The permanent (inelastic) distortion of metals under applied stresses that strain the material beyond its elastic limit.

Deterioration of material caused by ion impact.

See principal stress (normal).

Corrosion resulting from direct current flow through paths other than the intended circuit. For example, by an extraneous current in the earth.

The shear stress on a transverse cross section resulting from u twisting action.

A metal in which the available electron energy levels are occupied in such away that the d-band contains less than its maximum number of ten electrons per atom, for example, iron, cobalt, nickel, and tungsten. The distinctive properties of the transition ...

(1) State of anodically passivated metal characterized by a considerable increase of the corrosion current, in the; absence of pitting, when the potential is increased. (2) The noble region of potential where an electrode exhibits at higher than passive c ...

A single, solid, homogeneous crystalline phase containing two or more chemical species.

The reaction of a metal or alloy with a sulfur-containing species to produce a sulfur compound that forms on or beneath the surface on the metal or alloy.

The movement of ions through the electrolyte associated with the passage of the electric current. Also called transport or migration.

Aqueous solution that contains 1 mole (gram-molecular weight) of solute in 1 L of the solution.