A specimen that is notched and subjected to alternating stresses until a crack has developed at the root of the notch.

Deep internal cracks caused by hydrogen.

Cracking or fracturing that occurs through or across a crystal or grain. Also called transcrystalline cracking. Contrast with intergranular cracking.

Resin formed by condensation of polybasic and monobasic acids with polyhydric alcohols.

An atom, or group of atoms, that has gained or lost one or more outer electrons and thus carries an electric charge. Positive ions, or cations, are deficient in outer electrons. Negative ions, or anions, have an excess of outer electrons.

Cracking or fracturing that occurs between the grains or crystals in a polycrystalline aggregate. Also called intercrystalline cracking. Contrast with transgranular cracking.

A metal whose luster has been reduced because of a surface film, usually a corrosion product layer.

See intergranular corrosion.

The liquor resulting from dissolving molten melt irom the kraft recovery furnace in water. See also kraft process and smelt.

Having an affinity for water. Contrast with hydrophobic.

The technique for maintaining a constant electrode potential.

A gaseous environment containing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in hydrocarbon reservoirs. Prolonged exposure to sour gas can lead to hydrogen damage, sulfide-stress cracking, and/or stress-corrosion cracking in ferrous alloys.

A plot of r urrent density versus electrode potential for a specific electrode-electrolyte combination.

In fatigue, the variation in the stress-intensity factor in cycle, that is, Kmax-Kmin.

See transgranular.

Corrosive attack that progresses preferentially along interdendritic paths. This type of attack results from local differences in composition, such as coring commonly encountered in alloy castings.

The formation of isolated particles of corrosion products beneath the metal surface. This occurs as the result of preferential oxidation of certain alloy constituents by inward diffusion of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and so forth.

Embrittlement of iron-chromium alloys (most notably austenitic stainless steels) caused by precipitation at grain boundaries of the hard, brittle intermetallic sigma phase during long periods of exposure to temperatures between approximately 560 and 980

Concentration of a solution expressed in moles of solute divided by 1000 g of solvent.

Ratio of the depth of the deepest pit resulting from corrosion divided by the average penetration as calculated from weight loss.