Brittle fracture of a metal in which the fracture is between the grains, or crystals, that form the metal. Also called intercrystalline fracture. Contrast with transgranular fracture.

The current distribution in an electrolytic cell that is free of polarization.

The surroundings or conditions (physical, chemical, mechanical) in which a material exists.

Release of contained gas in the vaccum of outer space. eg. rapid destructive expansion of plastics and similar materials.

Removing surface oxides from metals by chemical or electrochemical reaction. Pickling is the removal of any high temperature scale and any adjacent low chromium layer of metal from the surface of stainless steel by chemical means. Where the steel has b ...

The reciprocal of polarization resistance (di/dE).

Plastic deformation by the irreversible shear displacement (translation) of one part of a crystal relative to another in a definite crystallographic direction and usually on a specific crystallographic plane. Sometimes called glide.

Embrittlement of iron-chromium alloys (most notably austenitic stainless steels) caused by precipitation at grain boundaries of the hard, brittle intermetallic sigma phase during long periods of exposure to temperatures between approximately 560 and 980

The heavy oxide layer formed during hot fabrication or heat treatment of metals.

Same as bipolar electrode.

A metal in which the available electron energy levels are occupied in such away that the d-band contains less than its maximum number of ten electrons per atom, for example, iron, cobalt, nickel, and tungsten. The distinctive properties of the transition ...

Cracking or fracturing that occurs through or across a crystal or grain. Also called transcrystalline cracking. Contrast with intergranular cracking.

Formation of isolated particles of corrosion products beneath a metal surface. This results from the prcferential reactions of certain alloy constituents to inward diffusion of oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur.

Aqueous solution that contains 1 mole (gram-molecular weight) of solute in 1 L of the solution.

The movement of ions through the electrolyte associated with the passage of the electric current. Also called transport or migration.

In chemistry,a homogeneous dispersion of two or more kinds of molecular or ionic species. Solution may be composed of any combination of liquids, solids, or gases, but they always consist of a single phase.

A chemical substance or combination of substances that, when present in the environment, prevents or reduces corrosion without significant reaction with the components of the environment.

The binding of an adsorbate to the surface of a solid by forces whose energy levels approximate those of condensation. Contrast with chemisorption.

(1) An arbitrarily defined temperature that lies within the temperature range in which metal fracture characteristics (as usually determined by tests of notched specimens) change rapidly, such as from primarily fibrous (shear) to primarily crystalline (cl ...

Corrosion occurring preferentially at grain boundaries, usually with slight or negligible attack on the adjacent grains. Also called intercrystalline corrosion.