Release of contained gas in the vaccum of outer space. eg. rapid destructive expansion of plastics and similar materials.

The surroundings or conditions (physical, chemical, mechanical) in which a material exists.

Heating an alloy to a suitable temperature, holding at that temperature long enough to cause one or more constituents to enter into solid solution, and then cooling rapidly enough to hold these constituents in solution.

Same as bipolar electrode.

Corrosion resulting from direct current flow through paths other than the intended circuit. For example, by an extraneous current in the earth.

A chemical substance or combination of substances that, when present in the environment, prevents or reduces corrosion without significant reaction with the components of the environment.

The heavy oxide layer formed during hot fabrication or heat treatment of metals.

The reciprocal of polarization resistance (di/dE).

The current distribution in an electrolytic cell that is free of polarization.

Embrittlement of iron-chromium alloys (most notably austenitic stainless steels) caused by precipitation at grain boundaries of the hard, brittle intermetallic sigma phase during long periods of exposure to temperatures between approximately 560 and 980

Cracking or fracturing that occurs through or across a crystal or grain. Also called transcrystalline cracking. Contrast with intergranular cracking.

In chemistry,a homogeneous dispersion of two or more kinds of molecular or ionic species. Solution may be composed of any combination of liquids, solids, or gases, but they always consist of a single phase.

Formation of isolated particles of corrosion products beneath a metal surface. This results from the prcferential reactions of certain alloy constituents to inward diffusion of oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur.

Ferrire that is formed directly from the decomposition of hypoeutectoid austenite during cooling, without the simultaneous formation of cementite. Also called proeutectoid ferrite.

Aqueous solution that contains 1 mole (gram-molecular weight) of solute in 1 L of the solution.

Molten slag; in the pulp and paper industry, the cooking chemicals tapped from the recovery boiler as molten material and dissolved in the smelt tank as green liquor.

Plastic deformation by the irreversible shear displacement (translation) of one part of a crystal relative to another in a definite crystallographic direction and usually on a specific crystallographic plane. Sometimes called glide.

The binding of an adsorbate to the surface of a solid by forces whose energy levels approximate those of condensation. Contrast with chemisorption.

A metal in which the available electron energy levels are occupied in such away that the d-band contains less than its maximum number of ten electrons per atom, for example, iron, cobalt, nickel, and tungsten. The distinctive properties of the transition ...

A metallic coating obtained bydipping the base metal into a molten metal.